en Radiation Biology Radiation Biology تحقيق بديع Original Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:newspaper"><span style="text-kashida-space:50%"><span style="line-height:119%"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Background</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">:</span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">The presence of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) is related with good prognosis of various cancers including bladder cancer. The majority of bladder tumors are identified as non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) when they are discovered in their early stages. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value and clinical relevance of TLS in NMIBC. </span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Materials and Methods</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">:</span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">This cohort included 130 NMIBC samples, with 39 (30%) having TLS, as confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry staining. The chi-square test was utilized to examine the relationship between TLS and the biomarkers and clinicopathologic characteristics of NMIBC. </span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Results: </span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">It was found that TLS has significant association with pT stage, Ki-67 expression, and COX-2 expression. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon test, we found that the presence of TLS is associated with longer recurrence-free survival and overall survival of NMIBC patients. Moreover, we used bioinformatics to analyze the association of TLS marker L1CAM and bladder cancer. L1CAM is downregulated in bladder cancer, linked to an advanced stage of the disease, and indicates a poorer prognosis for those who have bladder cancer. In bladder cancer, there is a positive correlation between its expression and B cell infiltration. We also indicated that NMIBC with TLS have a higher level of TLS than that without TLS. </span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Conclusion: </span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">To conclude, the presence of TLS is an important favorable prognostic indicator in NMIBC. A further understanding on TLS can provide new insights to improve immunotherapy for bladder cancer.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> Tertiary lymphoid structure, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, clinical relevance. 277 282 http://ijrr.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-1170&slc_lang=en&sid=1 JB. Ji 7900319475328460026862 7900319475328460026862 No Department of Urology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital (The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University), Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China. PC. Li lipengchao_edu@outlook.com 7900319475328460026863 7900319475328460026863 Yes Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China TT. Yuan 7900319475328460026864 7900319475328460026864 No Department of Urology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital (The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University), Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China. ZK. Qu 7900319475328460026865 7900319475328460026865 No Department of Urology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital (The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University), Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China. GX. Song 7900319475328460026866 7900319475328460026866 No Department of Urology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital (The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University), Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China. ML. Bao 7900319475328460026867 7900319475328460026867 No Department of Urology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital (The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University), Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China. XD. Liang 7900319475328460026868 7900319475328460026868 No Department of Urology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital (The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University), Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China. B. Jiang 7900319475328460026869 7900319475328460026869 No Department of Urology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital (The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University), Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China. XL. Yin 7900319475328460026870 7900319475328460026870 No Department of Urology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital (The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University), Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China. YY. Wang 7900319475328460026871 7900319475328460026871 No Department of Urology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital (The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University), Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China. H. Ji 7900319475328460026872 7900319475328460026872 No Department of Urology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital (The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University), Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China.