en Radiation Biology Radiation Biology تحقيق بديع Original Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:newspaper"><span style="text-kashida-space:50%"><span style="line-height:119%"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Background</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">:</span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">18-F fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (</span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:5.9939pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">¹⁸</span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">F-FDG) is the most common tracer in whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for cancer. The diagnostic information gained from a 18F-FDG is beneficial, but the administration of radioactive material always comes with an increased risk of secondary cancer. The objective of this paper was to calculate the effective dose for </span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:5.9939pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">¹⁸</span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">F-FDG injected patients considering the specific contribution from positron slowing down, positron annihilation, and electron capture mechanisms. </span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">&nbsp; The dose for various organs was estimated by using the Monte Carlo (MC) method. The Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) female phantom was used for the simulations and the effective doses to various organs from internal exposure from a </span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:5.9939pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">¹⁸</span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">F-FDG injection were calculated using a biokinetic model and International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) publication 128 provided data. Calculated doses were compared with measured doses found in published studies. </span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Results:</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US"> The dose for each organ is dependent on the </span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:5.9939pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">¹⁸</span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">F decay mode. The total effective dose is 6.73 mSv when the administered activity is 185 MBq. Positron annihilation leads to the highest average effective dose at 3.57 mSv. The effective doses for positron slowing and electron capture gammas are 2.99 and 0.17 mSv, respectively. The urinary bladder, followed by the brain and heart, have the highest absorbed doses. The calculated doses for a female patient are in good agreement with published measured data. </span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Conclusions:</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US"> The results presented here can be used to scale the dose measured by a dosimeter to estimate the patient&rsquo;s absorbed dose. Tracking the cumulative effective dose from medical procedures is an important aspect of managing the care of cancer patients to ensure regulatory limits are not exceeded.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> PET imaging, Radiation dosimetry, Monte Carlo, Uptake biokinetics, 18F-FDG. 559 564 http://ijrr.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-1209&slc_lang=en&sid=1 F. Mohajeri 7900319475328460027886 7900319475328460027886 No The University of Tabriz, Department of Physics, Tabriz, Iran A. Ezzati ah_ezzati63@yahoo.com 7900319475328460027887 7900319475328460027887 Yes The University of Tabriz, Department of Physics, Tabriz, Iran M. Studenski 7900319475328460027888 7900319475328460027888 No The University of Miami, Department of Radiation Oncology, 33136, Miami, FL, USA