en Radiation Biology Radiation Biology مقاله مروری Review article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:newspaper"><span style="text-kashida-space:50%"><span style="line-height:119%"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Background:</span></span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="en-US" style="language:en-US">Globally, primary liver cancer is a common tumor and patients generally have a poor prognosis. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver. In most cases, the diagnosis of HCC relies on imaging. </span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Case presentation:</span></span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="en-US" style="language:en-US">This study reports on a male patient diagnosed with primary HCC who went into remission after hepatectomy, chemotherapy, and splenic embolization. In the 4th year of follow-up, elevated alpha-fetoprotein was detected (325 ng/mL). However, neither computed tomography (CT) nor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed significant abnormalities. To clarify the diagnosis, 2-deoxy-2-</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">¹⁸</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="language:en-US">F-fluoro-D-glucose integrated positron emission tomography/computed tomography (</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">¹⁸</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="language:en-US">F-FDG-PET/CT) was used for initial diagnosis. However, no significant FDG uptake was seen in multiple nodules of the liver. Further examination was performed using </span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">⁶⁸</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="language:en-US">Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor positron emission tomography/computed tomography (</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">⁶⁸</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="language:en-US">Ga-FAPI PET/CT), which showed intense FAPI uptake in multiple lesions in the liver, providing direct evidence for the diagnosis of potential HCC recurrence. Finally, the lesions were completely resected and the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was confirmed. </span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Conclusion:</span></span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="en-US" style="language:en-US">Previous studies have shown that </span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">⁶⁸</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="language:en-US">Ga-FAPI PET/CT is more sensitive than </span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">¹⁸</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="language:en-US">F-FDG for the detection of HCC. This study suggests that </span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">⁶⁸</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="language:en-US">Ga-FAPI PET/CT is a new option for patients with recurrent HCC who are not sensitive to </span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">¹⁸</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="language:en-US">F-FDG.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> HCC, recurrence, 18-F-FDG PET/CT, 68-Ga-FAPI PET/CT, case report. 829 831 http://ijrr.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-1403&slc_lang=en&sid=1 H. Hou 7900319475328460032145 7900319475328460032145 No Department of Oncology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, No.122, Xianzheng Street, Wuhan 430050, Hubei, P.R. China Q. Huang 7900319475328460032146 7900319475328460032146 No Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, P.R. China X. Su 7900319475328460032147 7900319475328460032147 No Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, P.R. China G. Zhang 7900319475328460032148 7900319475328460032148 No Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, P.R. China M. Zhang zms75@163.com 7900319475328460032149 7900319475328460032149 Yes Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, P.R. China