en Radiation Biology Radiation Biology تحقيق بديع Original Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:newspaper"><span style="text-kashida-space:50%"><span style="line-height:119%"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Background:</span></span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">To investigate the correlation between immune gene expression patterns and radiotherapy (RT) response, aiming to identify novel biomarkers for personalized rectal cancer treatment. </span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Materials and Methods: </span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">Data from rectal cancer patients were clustered into two subgroups based on immune gene expression. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between subgroups were identified by using the limma package, and survival analysis was conducted with the Kaplan-Meier (KM) method. ClusterProfiler was used to conduct GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses on the DEGs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were utilized to pinpoint key modules or hub genes through interaction scores. In the TCGA rectal cancer dataset, 165 samples were divided into high (n=39) and low (n=126) immune gene expression groups based on the expression of 1,959 immune-related genes. </span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Results: </span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">Between the two groups, 775 DEGs were up-regulated and 35 were down-regulated. Analysis of the GSE35452 dataset revealed 308 up-regulated and 209 down-regulated DEGs between the RT-responsive group (n=24) and the non-responsive group (n=22). PPI analysis showed that PLA2G2A and PLA2G4A exhibited the highest interaction score (value = 0.918). </span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Conclusion: </span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="language:en-US">Through gene enrichment and PPI network analysis, potential core targets PLA2G2A and PLA2G4A were identified, providing new biomarkers for personalized treatment in rectal cancer.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> Immunotherapy, PLA2G2A, PLA2G4A, rectal cancer, radiotherapy. 945 951 http://ijrr.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-1419&slc_lang=en&sid=1 J. Gao 7900319475328460032373 7900319475328460032373 No Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Zone 1,Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, Fujian, China H.C. Li 7900319475328460032374 7900319475328460032374 No Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Zone 1,Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, Fujian, China Z.J. Ruan 7900319475328460032375 7900319475328460032375 No Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Zone 1,Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, Fujian, China J. Liu 7900319475328460032376 7900319475328460032376 No Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai First Hospital Ningde City Hospital, Ningde, Fujian, China T.T. Yang 7900319475328460032377 7900319475328460032377 No Department of Radiation Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Ningde, Fujian, China K.L. Lin 7900319475328460032378 7900319475328460032378 No School of Medicine, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, Fujian, China K.J. Chen chenkejie1@126.com 7900319475328460032379 7900319475328460032379 Yes Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Zone 1,Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, Fujian, China C.L. Liao 597326974@qq.com 7900319475328460032380 7900319475328460032380 No Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Zone 1,Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, Fujian, China